Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources-
Anonymous. "Draft Card Burning Protest." Government, Politics, and Protest: Essential Primary Sources, edited by K. Lee Lerner, et al., Gale, 2006, pp. 140-142. World History in Context, <link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX2687500064/WHIC?u=denver&xid=ab93d9d8.Accessed13Dec.2016.>
This primary source from the gale group talks a lot about Muhammad Ali and when he burned his drafting card and symbolized the stand that he took for himself, his nation and his beliefs. I think that this is a good source to analyze because it is showing the commitments that ali had to himself, and symbolizes his deep care and love for his morals.
By JAMES F CLARITY Special to The New,York Times. (1970, Oct 29). Ali awarded the red badge of courage. New York Times (1923-Current File)
<http://ezproxy.denverlibrary.org:2048/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/117824015?accountid=37073>
This Newspaper from the New York Times that was published in 1970 shows how much of an idol Muhammad Ali was to those in the United States despite the fact that he decided that he did not want to be drafted into the war. Ali was highly praised during this time period. To add on, this source was very helpful to assess for my project, because it allows me to see the different perspectives that people had on Ali despite the actions that he took. In this source they also explained his courage, as it is titled “Ali Awarded the Red Badge of Courage”
Craig Hlavaty. "Looking Back at the Time Muhammad Ali Refused the Draft in Houston." Houston Chronicle. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/48-years-ago-today-Muhammad-Ali-refused-the-5435356.php>
During the time I took to read this article I found one other motive of Muhammad Ali's refusal to go to the military. Ali stated "Why should they ask me to put on a uniform and go 10,000 miles from and drop bombs and bullets on brown people in Vietnam while so-called Negro people in Louisville are treated like dogs and denied simple human rights?" Ali asked. This quotation helped me understand another motive of Ali’s.
"Just Take Me to Jail": Remembering Muhammad Ali's Refusal to Fight in Vietnam." "Just Take Me to Jail": Remembering Muhammad Ali's Refusal to Fight in Vietnam. Democracy Now!, 6 June 2016. Web. 11 Oct. 2016.
<http://www.democracynow.org/2016/6/6/just_take_me_to_jail_remembering>
This article shows some of Ali's perspectives on the war. we get some information from his perspective, and get some 1st hand quotes, which is very important. This source also helped us gain information about Ali. We learned some of his background, and who he was, and how this affected his actions when taking a stand. this helped us gain insight and knowledge, which helped a lot with the overall project. To add on this interview of sorts was very helpful is assessing Ali’s personality and likings. This source was helpful in our project because it allowed for us to develop his morals as well as his personality, and i think that this is a very important part in making a thorough well rounded project.
Kimont, Kaytlenn. "What Was Muhammad Ali's Real Name? He Changed It For An Inspiring and Personal Reason." Romperr.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.romper.com/p/what-was-muhammad-alis-real-name-he-changed-it-for-inspiring-personal-reason-11827>
By reading this article, one could realize that Muhammad Ali formerly changed his name from Cassius Clay. Ali changed his name for his religious beliefs. The real reason why Ali did this was because his religion allowed him to. Muhammad had a big influence on the Islam religion, and was a very devoted follower. Definitely, he changed his name for this reason.
"Muhammad Ali Cut." Photobucket. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017. <http://s208.photobucket.com/user/melch07/media/Boxing/Alicopy.png.html>.
This picture helped us gain a greater understanding of Muhammad Ali’s career as the greatest boxer in history, as well as helping us understand the impact that being a boxer and not going to war had the community. We are able to see how people thought of Muhammad Ali, as well as how he impacted our community by not going to war.
"Muhammad Ali: When Outrage Was Necessary, He Delivered." The Ring of Fire Network. N.p., 08 Apr. 2016. Web. 31 Jan. 2017.
<https://trofire.com/2016/04/08/muhammad-ali-outrage-necessary-delivered/>
This picture helps my partner and i understand who supported Muhammad Ali in his decision to not go to war. This picture also helps us understand who he was as a person, and what he thought of the war and what was the right choice. Also this picture helped me and my partner and i have a deeper understanding of Muhammad Ali's multiple perspective.
"PNG Categories." Muhammad Ali Png - Free Icons and PNG Backgrounds. Free Icons PNG, n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2017.
<http://www.freeiconspng.com/png-images/muhammad-ali-png>
This primary source was what we used for the title page of our website. This picture was good to use in this position because it allows the viewer to see Muhammad Ali’s opinions and strong beliefs in his life. This source was very helpful in conducting our research, while it does not provide loads of information, it is still very helpful in understanding Muhammad Ali’s character, and his life.
Sam Pollard, and Judy Richardson. "Interview with Muhammad Ali." Home - Washington University Digital Gateway. Washington University in St. Louis, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2016.
<http://digital.wustl.edu/e/eii/eiiweb/ali5427.0743.004marc_record_interviewer_process.html>
This interview is about Muhammad Ali's life. This interview allowed me understand his point of view of Muhammad Ali when he boxed and his motive of rejecting his recruit into the war. Through this document, one is able to see the life story of Muhammad Ali in a nutshell. We are able to see what his life was like, and also what he experienced through everything.
Shaw, Brian. "Muhammad Ali refuses to fight in Vietnam war." Know Terrorists. N.p., 04 June 2016. Web. 30 Jan. 2017.
<http://knowterrorists.com/stand-against-injustice-will-cost-you-a-lot-when-muhammad-ali-refuses-to-fight-in-vietnam-war/>
This image allows the viewer to see the multiple perspectives that Muhammad Ali had in his lifetime. Muhammad had so much going on in his life, and had so much to deal with. We was a world famous boxer, a civil rights activists, and a religious freedom activists. Muhammad Ali had multiple perspectives, and was a role model in many areas.
Secondary Sources -
“BBC - IWonder - Muhammad Ali : The Ultimate Fighter.” N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/timelines/zy3hycw>
This secondary source summarizes the main events that happened in the historic life of Muhammad Ali. This timeline shows the paths that he took in his life and how they affected him. Some of the main points that they provided on there were his birth, his Olympic win, when he turned pro, when he became the greatest boxer that the world has ever seen, his fight against the government, and many more including the tragic death of this historical star. I think that this source is very valuable because it allows me to deeply analyze his life path, as that is what this source is mostly about. This will be one of the main secondary sources that i will use to complete this project.
By Onyx Contributors on June 6, 2016. "Muhammad Ali: The Artful Dodger." Onyx Truth. N.p., 06 June 2016. Web. 11 Oct. 2016.
<http://www.onyxtruth.com/2016/06/06/muhammad-ali-the-artful-dodger/>
This source is a primary source, and it shows a newspaper that shows Ali's punishment for what he did. he had severe punishment that included imprisonment and loss of his boxing champion title. Also, this article highlights the different perspectives that people had on him due to what he did. We are able to see the thoughts that people ha on him, and the coward they thought he was. This is a very helpful source, because it provides the different perspectives of Ali.
CALAMUR, KRISHNADEV. "Muhammad Ali and Vietnam." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, 4 June 2016. Web. 11 Oct. 2016.
<http://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/06/muhammad-ali-vietnam/485717/>
This article talks about the toll that Ali's stand had on him and on his carrier. he was banned from boxing for standing up to being drafted into the Vietnam war. Because of his empowerment to take a stand, Ali lost the realms of faith and politics. People think that Ali’s biggest fight was not in the ring, but in the courthouse when he was standing up for what he believed in. This source is definitely useful because it allows the reader to see what consequence, negative and positive that Ali had to face as aftermath of this event. This source helped in my research of Ali, and allowed me to further develop my ideas and information
Hauser, Thomas. "Muhammad Ali." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 10 Nov. 2016. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad-Ali-boxer>
This source, as it was not that special was still important. I think that it really helped me understand the personal life of Muhammad Ali before he got into his Carrier. This article explains that his childhood was like, and what his home life was like too. To add on, this article really allowed me to realize how amazing Ali was and how much of an impact he had on the world. I think that this is a good source to analyze because it can show the basic knowledge that we need to know about this amazing character, and why he is so well known.
"How Many times Has Muhammad Ali Been Married?" Reference. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.reference.com/sports-active-lifestyle/many-times-muhammad-ali-married-607c44f9f3636173>
This source shows a lot about Muhammad Ali’s legacy and how he effected the people around him. This source provides a lot basic information about his life including things like the amount of wives that he had, how his life was lived, and also things like why he changed his name. The reason he had so many wives was because they all divorced due to the fact that they didn't agree with the morals that Ali had. Also, Ali changed his name due to his religious beliefs. This is a good source because it shows a lot about the things that Ali did to change himself, and the reasons behind why he did these types of things.
Johnston, Abby. "Why Did Muhammad Ali Refuse To Be Drafted? His Vietnam War Opposition Had Everything To Do With His Faith." Why Did Muhammad Ali Refuse To Be Drafted? His Vietnam War Opposition Had Everything To Do With His Faith. Bustle, n.d. Web. 05 Oct. 2016. <http://www.bustle.com/articles/164864-why-did-muhammad-ali-refuse-to-be-drafted-his-vietnam-war-opposition-had-everything-to-do>
This source is important because it showed Muhammad Ali's beliefs on the war and why he decided not to go into the war. This source provides ideas about Ali's beliefs, and his punishments as a result of his stand. We also could see his devotion to his morals and ideas, and even with his knowledge of his looming consequences, Ali refused to back down from his duty to protect his ideas. This source was a very helpful one indeed, because it shows how much fidelity Ali had to his cause. This source helped with my research because it clearly demonstrates the theme in Ali’s life.
"Muhammad Ali." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad-Ali-boxer>
This article helped me find some background information on Muhammad Ali. Some of this information allowed me to figure out his childhood life as well as when he had an interest in boxing. Along with this, I was able to realize his professional career, as well as the fact that he was in the Olympics.
"Muhammad Ali Refuses Army Induction." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2016. <http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/muhammad-ali-refuses-army-induction>
The source mainly just describes Ali’s life in a nutshell. The source describes some of the wins and the losses that Ali had after being released from jail after taking his stand. This source also talks about Ali’s heavyweight title and the gains and re-gains that he had with it. Overall, i think that this source was helpful to assess, and will help our project overall. The reason that i think this source is useful is because it provides some background about Ali and his carrier, which in my opinion is one of the backbones to this project, because as a whole, without the information bot Ali’s personal life, a good project is hard to come by.
"Muhammad Ali Refuses to Fight in Vietnam War: From the Archive, 27 April 1967." From the Guardian Archive. Guardian News and Media, 2013. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2013/apr/29/muhammad-ali-refuses-to-fight-in-vietnam-war-1967>
When I read this article it helped me realize his main motive of not going to war which was his religion. This also allowed me to understand the consequences his rejection had on him. Ali would be sent to prison for 5 years, pay a fine of 10,000 dollars, and finally he was banned from boxing in america along with losing his title of world champion.
"The Importance of Muhammad Ali." The Importance of Muhammad Ali | The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/civil-rights-movement/essays/importance-muhammad-ali>
This article was helpful when it came to my presentation because it helped the reader understand the short term effect of not accepting the selection to go in the military. This also helped me figure out some background info on Ali before he converted to the religion of Muslim.